“What is the difference between heavy cargo and light cargo in different modes of transportation
How to define heavy cargo and light cargo (also known as bubble cargo, throwing cargo) in international logistics and transportation? First of all, you need to know the actual weight and volume weight:
(1) Actual Weight (Actual Weight), that is, the weight obtained by weighing (over-pounding), including the actual gross weight (Gross Weight, G.W. for short) and the actual net weight (Net Weight, referred to as N.W.), the most common is the actual gross weight.
(2) Volumetric Weight or Dimensions Weight, that is, the weight calculated from the volume of the goods according to a certain conversion factor or calculation formula.
To put it simply, if the actual weight of the goods is greater than the volume weight, it is heavy goods, otherwise it is light goods (also known as bubble goods, throwing goods).
However, different modes of transportation have different definitions of heavy cargo and light cargo.
The difference between heavy and light cargo in air freight
1. Actual weight
Actual weight includes actual gross weight and actual net weight, the most common of which is actual gross weight. In international logistics and transportation, most airlines compare the actual gross weight of the goods with the volume weight, and take the maximum value to calculate the freight.
2. Volume weight
The volumetric weight is the weight obtained by calculating the volume of the cargo according to the calculation formula. In international air transportation, the conversion factor for calculating the weight of the volume is generally 1:167, that is, one cubic meter is approximately equal to 167 kilograms.
3. Chargeable weight
The billable weight is calculated based on the freight and other miscellaneous charges. The billable weight is generally billed based on the actual gross weight or the volumetric weight. The billable weight is generally calculated by taking the maximum of the actual gross weight and the volumetric weight to calculate the transportation cost.
4. Calculation method
The calculation method for the regular items is: length (CM)*width (CM)*height (CM)/6000=volume weight (KG), 1CBM is approximately equal to 166.67KG.
The calculation method for irregular items is: longest (CM) * widest (CM) * highest (CM)/6000 = volume weight (KG), 1CBM is approximately equal to 166.67KG.
[Summary] 1 cubic meter of cargo with a weight greater than 166.67 kg is called heavy cargo, which is generally a heavier cargo. Those less than 166.67 kg are called bubble goods, which are generally larger in size and lighter in weight.
The difference between heavy cargo and light cargo by sea
(1) From the perspective of ship stowage, any cargo whose stowage factor is less than the ship’s cargo volume factor is called deadweight cargo or heavy goods; any cargo whose cargo stowage factor is greater than the ship’s cargo volume factor is called deadweight cargo or heavy goods. , called light goods, also known as light goods (measurement cargo or light goods).
(2) From the point of view of calculating the freight of goods, and according to the international shipping business practice, if the cargo stowage factor is less than 1.1328 cubic meters/ton or 40 cubic feet/ton, it is called heavy cargo; if the cargo stowage factor is greater than 1.1328 cubic meters m/t or 40 cu ft/t cargo is called light cargo.
(3) The distinction between light cargo and heavy cargo in LCL is based on the weight per cubic meter. In international shipping LCL, it is usually 1 cubic meter = 1 ton. For example, the volume of the cargo is 1 cubic meter, and the weight is less than 1 ton. It is a light cargo, and a weight of more than 1 ton is considered a heavy cargo. However, among LCL by sea, heavy cargo is rare, basically light cargo, and LCL calculates freight by volume, which is fundamentally different from air freight by weight, so it is much simpler. Many people have done a lot of sea freight, but they have never heard of light cargo and heavy cargo, because they are basically not used.
The concepts of cargo and light cargo are closely related to stowage, transport, storage and billing. Carriers or freight forwarders distinguish heavy cargo, light cargo/bubble cargo according to certain standards.”
