Main feature
Ocean transportation is carried out with the help of natural waterways, which are not restricted by roads and tracks and have a stronger passing capacity. As the political, economic and trade environment and natural conditions change, the route can be adjusted and changed at any time to complete the transportation task.
With the development of the international shipping industry, modern shipbuilding technology is becoming more and more sophisticated, and ships are becoming larger and larger. The ultra-large oil tanker has reached more than 600,000 tons, and the container carrying capacity of the fifth-generation container ship has exceeded 5,000 TEU.
There are two main types of maritime transportation: liner transportation and chartered transportation. Liner shipping is also called regular ship shipping, and charter shipping is also called irregular ship shipping.
Mode of operation
- Liner transportation
Liner shipping refers to a kind of ship that conducts regular and repeated voyages between specific routes and established ports in accordance with a predetermined schedule to engage in cargo transportation and collect freight charges in accordance with a pre-published rate table. shipping method. Its service objects are non-specific and scattered cargo owners, and the liner company has the nature of a common carrier.
- Chartered transportation
Chartering refers to a method in which the charterer leases a ship from the shipowner for cargo transportation, and is usually applicable to bulk cargo transportation. Relevant routes and ports, types of goods to be transported, and sailing time are all confirmed by the shipowner in accordance with the requirements of the charterer. The rights and obligations between the charterer and the lessor are determined by the charter contract signed by both parties.
Advantages of shipping
- Large carrying capacity.
A very major advantage of ocean freight is the ability to handle oversized, heavy or bulky cargo – commonly known as bulk or non-trailer (NIT) cargo, including large vehicles, equipment, construction materials, and more. The carrying capacity of sea ships is far greater than that of rail and road transport vehicles. The world’s largest oil tanker is 500,000 tons.
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- Low freight.
From the point of view of economies of scale, because of the large volume and long voyage, the transportation cost allocated to each ton of goods is small, so the freight rate is relatively low. Is the most economical international shipping option（Let’s say you have a hundred pounds of clothing that need to be shipping from China to Australia）.
- Strong adaptability to goods.
Ocean shipping ships can meet the needs of various transportation. Many ships are now specially designed according to the needs of the cargo. For example, multi-purpose ships and specialized ships provide conditions for the transportation of different goods.
- Good security
Vessels are designed for the safe transport of hazardous materials and dangerous goods. Ocean Freight is well-versed in the handling of such cargo and has regulations in place to ensure the safety of ships, crews, cargo and the environment. With the improvement of maritime transportation safety, the rate of cargo loss caused by accidents during transportation has been decreasing. Containers are designed to keep cargo sealed and locked during transit, further increasing the security of shipments.
Like the means of transportation on land, sea transportation can also be divided into passenger transportation and freight transportation. What we mainly understand today is freight transportation . According to the different types of cargo transportation, freight can be roughly divided into dry bulk, oil transportation, containers, general cargo, liquefied gas transportation, chemical transportation, and some special goods transportation, such as semi-submersible ships and some ships used for oil tanker drilling Wait.
The transportation of the entire bulk trade by ship or sea can be roughly divided into three categories: dry bulk shipping, container shipping, and tanker shipping. The research on shipping in the market mainly focuses on three aspects: dry bulk cargo, oil transportation and containers . When it comes to the good and bad of the shipping market, the fluctuation of the shipping market, etc., it is also analyzed from these aspects , among which containers are the most common . You often see ships with neatly stacked boxes on the seashore. They ship some of the most commonly used light industrial products or small daily life. Supplies, etc., many large coastal cities have container terminals that provide loading and rest.
Dry bulk carriers and oil tankers, we have relatively little contact with them in our daily life, and we can only see them when they are docked at the dock. During sea transportation, they will not sail close to the sea, so there are not many opportunities for you to see them.
From the perspective of global shipping trade classification, whether it is dry bulk cargo, small shipments, or some other general cargo ships, they add up to almost half of the entire ocean freight volume, that is to say, the dry bulk cargo transportation situation. Good or bad has a decisive impact on the entire shipping market .
Dry bulk carriers mainly transport bulk dry bulk cargo, such as iron ore, coal, grain, etc. , and the cargo is loaded into the hold for transportation. Oil tankers are mainly used for the transportation of crude oil or refined oil . The loading and unloading process is to pressurize crude oil or refined oil into tanks inside the ship through pipelines for transportation. Consolidation is to pack the goods into boxes of uniform size, and then code the boxes on the deck to fix the cards and reinforce them to prevent movement caused by bumps during sea transportation.
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